Anorexia and bulimia are losing rank among other types of eating disorders

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Eating Disorders Online

Anorexia and bulimia are losing rank among other types of eating disorders

Think of the phrase "eating disorder," and anorexia or bulimia are usually the first two conditions that come to mind.

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Avoiding Type 2 Diabetes With The Help Of Fish Oil Supplements

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

Avoiding Type 2 Diabetes With The Help Of Fish Oil Supplements

Widely-used fish oil supplements modestly increase amounts of a hormone that is associated with lower risk of diabetes and heart disease, according to a study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). Fish oil supplements, also called omega 3 fatty acid capsules, raise levels of adiponectin in the bloodstream...

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40 Percent Of 9-18 Year Olds Use Calorie Information In Fast Food Restaurants When Making Food Choices

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

40 Percent Of 9-18 Year Olds Use Calorie Information In Fast Food Restaurants When Making Food Choices

A new study published online in the Journal of Public Health has found that of young people who visited fast food or chain restaurants in the U.S. in 2010, girls and youth who were obese were more likely to use calorie information given in the restaurants to inform their food choices...

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Link Between Calcium Supplements And Longer Lifespans In Women

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

Link Between Calcium Supplements And Longer Lifespans In Women

Taking a calcium supplement of up to 1,000 mg per day can help women live longer, according to a recent study accepted for publication in The Endocrine Society's Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (JCEM). Calcium, an essential nutrient for bone health, is commonly found in dairy products as well as vitamins...

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The Neurobiological Underpinnings of Obesity and Binge Eating: A Rationale for Adopting the Food Addiction Model

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

The Neurobiological Underpinnings of Obesity and Binge Eating: A Rationale for Adopting the Food Addiction Model

The food addiction model of overeating has been proposed to help explain the widespread advancement of obesity over the last 30 years. Parallels in neural substrates and neurochemistry, as well as corresponding motivational and behavioral traits, are increasingly coming to light; however, there are still key differences between the two disorders that must be acknowledged. We critically examine these common and divergent characteristics using the theoretical framework of prominent drug addiction models, investigating the neurobiological underpinnings of both behaviors in an attempt to justify whether classification of obesity and binge eating as an addictive disorder is merited. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)

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Influence of negative affect on choice behavior in individuals with binge eating pathology

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Influence of negative affect on choice behavior in individuals with binge eating pathology

Abstract: Research suggests that individuals with binge eating pathology (e.g., bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorders (BED)) have decision making impairments and particularly act impulsively in response to negative affect. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of negative affect on choice behavior in women with BN and BED. Ninety women (59 with BN or BED and 31 healthy controls) watched a sad or control film fragment and were subsequently asked to complete a choice behavior task (as measured by a variation of the Bechara Gambling Task (BGT)). Results showed that negative affect influenced choice behavior differently in healthy controls and in women with BN and BED after punishment (but not after reward). In the context of increased negative affect, punishment was ass...

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Fighting Every Single Day: Leanne's Recovery Story

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Eating Disorders Online

Fighting Every Single Day: Leanne's Recovery Story

The following article was written exclusively for EatingDisordersOnline.com.

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Dopamine and Food Addiction: Lexicon Badly Needed

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Dopamine and Food Addiction: Lexicon Badly Needed

Over the last few years, the concept of food addiction has become a common feature in the scientific literature, as well as the popular press. Nevertheless, the use of the term addiction to describe pathological aspects of food intake in humans remains controversial, and even among those who affirm the validity of the concept, there is considerable disagreement about its utility for explaining the increasing prevalence of obesity throughout much of the world. An examination of the literature on food addiction indicates that mesolimbic and nigrostriatal dopamine systems often are cited as mechanisms that contribute to the establishment of food addiction. However, in reviewing this literature, it is important to have a detailed consideration of the complex nature of dopaminergic involvement ...

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Why do eating disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder co-occur?

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Why do eating disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder co-occur?

Authors: Pollack LO, Forbush KT
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to use an alternative, dimensionally based approach to understanding the reasons for comorbidity between eating disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Participants from a representative community sample (N=407; 47% female) completed self-report measures of eating pathology, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, perfectionism, and neuroticism. Hierarchical multiple regression indicated that neuroticism and perfectionism completely mediated associations between most obsessive-compulsive and eating disorder symptoms. However, body dissatisfaction shared unique associations with checking, cleaning, and obsessive rituals that could not be explained by these personality traits. Results suggest that shared personality t...

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DSM-5 Changes in the Diagnosing of Eating Disorders

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Eating Disorders Online

DSM-5 Changes in the Diagnosing of Eating Disorders

The latest revision of the psychiatric diagnostic manual, the DSM-5, is now being used by clinicians. In it are a few changes to the way eating disorders will be assessed and diagnosed.

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Validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale among a weight-loss surgery population.

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale among a weight-loss surgery population.

Authors: Clark SM, Saules KK
Abstract
The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), recently validated in college students and binge eaters, is a means to assess "food addiction" in accordance with DSM-IV criteria for substance dependence. Using online survey methodology, we aimed to validate the use of the YFAS among weight loss surgery (WLS) patients. Participants completed measures about pre-WLS food addiction (YFAS), emotional and binge eating, behavioral activation and inhibition, and pre- and post-WLS substance use. A sample of 67 WLS patients (59.7% Roux-en-Y) was recruited; participants were 62.7% female, 86.6% Caucasian, had a mean age of 42.7; and 53.7% met the criteria for pre-WLS food addiction. Convergent validity was found between the YFAS and measures of emotional eating (r=...

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Testing the perfectionism model of binge eating in mother-daughter dyads: a mixed longitudinal and daily diary study.

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Testing the perfectionism model of binge eating in mother-daughter dyads: a mixed longitudinal and daily diary study.

This study extended and tested this emerging model by proposing daughters' socially prescribed perfectionism (i.e., perceiving one's mother is harshly demanding perfection of oneself) and mothers' psychological control (i.e., a negative parenting style involving control and demandingness) contribute indirectly to daughters' binge eating by generating situations or experiences that trigger binge eating. These binge triggers include discrepancies (i.e., viewing oneself as falling short of one's mother's expectations), depressive affect (i.e., feeling miserable and sad), and dietary restraint (i.e., behaviors aimed at reduced caloric intake). This model was tested in 218 mother-daughter dyads studied using a mixed longitudinal and daily diary design. Daughters were undergraduate students. Res...

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Drug-Resistant TB Destroyed By Vitamin C

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

Drug-Resistant TB Destroyed By Vitamin C

In a striking, unexpected discovery, researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University have determined that vitamin C kills drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) bacteria in laboratory culture. The finding suggests that vitamin C added to existing TB drugs could shorten TB therapy, and it highlights a new area for drug design...

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Evaluating the indirect effect of self-compassion on binge eating severity through cognitive-affective self-regulatory pathways.

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Evaluating the indirect effect of self-compassion on binge eating severity through cognitive-affective self-regulatory pathways.

Authors: Webb JB, Forman MJ
Abstract
Current theory and evidence point to disruptions in self-concept and difficulties with emotion regulation as contributing to the severity of binge eating. Alternatively, contemporary perspectives on self-compassion suggest that individual differences in this adaptive approach to self-regulation may serve to counteract these cognitive-affective triggers presumably resulting in reductions in binge eating severity. Accordingly, the present cross-sectional analysis examined an indirect effect model of positive dimensions of self-compassion on binge eating severity through both emotional tolerance and unconditional self-acceptance pathways. Two hundred fifteen undergraduate students (78% female) completed self-report measures of the variables of inte...

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Nutritional Supplement Delays Advancement Of Parkinson's And Familial Dysautonomia

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

Nutritional Supplement Delays Advancement Of Parkinson's And Familial Dysautonomia

Widely available in pharmacies and health stores, phosphatidylserine is a natural food supplement produced from beef, oysters, and soy. Proven to improve cognition and slow memory loss, it's a popular treatment for older people experiencing memory impairment. Now a team headed by Prof. Gil Ast and Dr...

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Individual differences in the relationship between ovarian hormones and emotional eating across the menstrual cycle: a role for personality?

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Individual differences in the relationship between ovarian hormones and emotional eating across the menstrual cycle: a role for personality?

Authors: Racine SE, Keel PK, Burt SA, Sisk CL, Neale M, Boker S, Klump KL
Abstract
Within-person changes in estradiol and progesterone predict changes in binge eating tendencies across the menstrual cycle. However, all women have menstrual-cycle fluctuations in hormones, but few experience binge eating. Personality traits may be critical individual difference factors that influence who will engage in emotional eating in the presence of a vulnerable hormonal environment. Women (N=239) provided self-reports of emotional eating and saliva samples for hormone measurement for 45 consecutive days. Negative urgency and negative emotionality were measured once and were examined as moderators of hormone-emotional eating associations. Consistent with prior research, within-person changes in ...

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Omega Oils Protect The Heart From Mental Stress

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

Omega Oils Protect The Heart From Mental Stress

The American Heart Association recommends that people eat at least two servings of fish every week. The omega 3 fatty acids in fish oil are thought to have very good properties that can help prevent cardiovascular disease. Fish oils come from fatty fish, also called "oily fish". They are found in the tissue of these fatty fish, such as trout, tuna, mackerel, herring, salmon, and sardines...

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Calorie Information In Fast Food Restaurants Used By 40% Of 9-18 Year Olds When Making Food Choices, Study Finds

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

Calorie Information In Fast Food Restaurants Used By 40% Of 9-18 Year Olds When Making Food Choices, Study Finds

Girls and obese youth 70-80% more likely to use information than boys and youth with a healthy BMI. A new study published online today in the Journal of Public Health has found that of young people who visited fast food or chain restaurants in the U.S. in 2010, girls and youth who were obese were more likely to use calorie information given in the restaurants to inform their food choices...

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Weight Gain During Pregnancy

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About.com Nutrition

Weight Gain During Pregnancy

A healthy pregnancy requires some amount of weight gain, but the amount depends mostly on how much you weigh before you get pregnant. And, of course, even though you're "eating ...

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Correlates and associations between weight suppression and binge eating symptomatology in a population-based sample.

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Correlates and associations between weight suppression and binge eating symptomatology in a population-based sample.

This study was intended to test the hypothesis that WS predicts current binge eating with a loss of control (BE+LOC) in a population-based sample. We used a population-sample of participants (N=3,512) who responded to a survey in a women's magazine. In a logistic regression analysis, WS did not predict current BE+LOC, in contrast to high diet activity in the past year. Possible explanations for the lack of association are discussed. Future studies are needed to specify the specific active ingredients in the relation between WS and BN.
PMID: 23557803 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors)

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Dietary Exposure To Certain Plastics May Play A Hidden Role In Epidemic Increases In Childhood Hypertension

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

Dietary Exposure To Certain Plastics May Play A Hidden Role In Epidemic Increases In Childhood Hypertension

Plastic additives known as phthalates (pronounced THAL-ates) are odorless, colorless and just about everywhere: They turn up in flooring, plastic cups, beach balls, plastic wrap, intravenous tubing and - according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - the bodies of most Americans. Once perceived as harmless, phthalates have come under increasing scrutiny...

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Social anxiety and disordered overeating: an association among overweight and obese individuals.

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Social anxiety and disordered overeating: an association among overweight and obese individuals.

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, social anxiety was associated with binge eating and emotional eating in overweight and obese men and women. When appropriate, interventions could address social anxiety as a barrier to normative eating patterns and weight loss.
PMID: 23557810 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Eating Behaviors)

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Readability and comprehension of self-report binge eating measures.

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Readability and comprehension of self-report binge eating measures.

This study aims to evaluate reading grade level and multiple domains of comprehension of 13 commonly used self-report assessments of binge eating for use in low-literacy populations. We evaluated self-report binge eating measures with respect to reading grade levels, measure length, formatting and linguistic problems.
RESULTS: All measures were written at a reading grade level higher than is recommended for patient materials (above the 5th to 6th grade level), and contained several challenging elements related to comprehension. Correlational analyses suggested that readability and comprehension elements were distinct contributors to measure difficulty. Individuals with binge eating who have low levels of educational attainment or limited literacy are often underrepresented in measure v...

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Neural and Behavioral Effects of a Novel Mu Opioid Receptor Antagonist in Binge-Eating Obese People

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Neural and Behavioral Effects of a Novel Mu Opioid Receptor Antagonist in Binge-Eating Obese People

Conclusions: Stimulus-specific putamen/pallidal responses in obese people with binge eating are sensitive to altered mu-opioid function. This neuromodulation was accompanied by reductions in motivational responding, as measured by grip force, although subjective liking responses to the same stimuli actually increased. As well as providing evidence for a link between the opioid system and food-related behavior in binge-eating obese individuals, these results support a dissociation across measures of motivation and liking associated with food-related stimuli in these individuals. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)

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The Prevalence and Correlates of Binge Eating Disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

The Prevalence and Correlates of Binge Eating Disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

Conclusions: Binge eating disorder represents a public health problem at least equal to BN. Low treatment rates highlight the clinical importance of questioning patients about eating problems even when not included among presenting complaints. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)

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Binge eating as a determinant of emotional state in overweight and obese males with cardiovascular disease

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Binge eating as a determinant of emotional state in overweight and obese males with cardiovascular disease

Conclusions: It is necessary to focus primarily on binge eating symptoms as a part of weight reduction treatment as well as to treat anxiety and depression in CVD patients. Binge eating is an eating disorder per se, and therefore it is important to treat it before the person starts weight reduction procedures as part of the risk prevention treatment for CVD patients. (Source: Maturitas)

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Monetary Reward Processing in Obese Individuals With and Without Binge Eating Disorder

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Monetary Reward Processing in Obese Individuals With and Without Binge Eating Disorder

Conclusions: Heterogeneity exists among obese individuals with respect to the neural correlates of reward/loss processing. Neural differences in separable groups with obesity suggest that multiple, varying interventions might be important in optimizing prevention and treatment strategies for obesity. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)

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Dysfunctions of leptin, ghrelin, BDNF and endocannabinoids in eating disorders: Beyond the homeostatic control of food intake

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Dysfunctions of leptin, ghrelin, BDNF and endocannabinoids in eating disorders: Beyond the homeostatic control of food intake

Summary: A large body of literature documents the occurrence of alterations in the physiology of both central and peripheral modulators of appetite in acute patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). Until more recently the role of most of the appetite modulators in the control of eating behavior was conceptualized solely in terms of their influence on homeostatic control of energy balance. However, it is becoming more and more evident that appetite modulators also affect the non-homeostatic cognitive, emotional and rewarding component of food intake as well as non food-related reward, and, recently, AN and BN have been pathophysiologically linked to dysfunctions of reward mechanisms. Therefore, the possibility exists that observed changes in appetite modulators in acute...

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Psychometric Evaluation of the Eating Disorder Examination Adapted for Children

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Psychometric Evaluation of the Eating Disorder Examination Adapted for Children

This study was a comprehensive test statistic evaluation of the German ChEDE in a large sample of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa, binge eating disorder, loss of control eating, overweight and obesity, as well as non‐eating‐disordered and chronically ill control probands (n = 352). Excellent inter‐rater reliability, adequate internal consistency and satisfactory stability of ChEDE indicators were demonstrated. ChEDE indicators discriminated between diverse forms of eating and weight disturbances and normative eating and were significantly correlated with conceptually related measures. Factorial validity was not convincing; a brief eight‐item scale showed the best fit. Item statistics were mostly acceptable. Overall, the ChEDE's German translation reliably and val...

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Tandospirone, a 5-HT1A partial agonist is effective in treating anorexia nervosa: a case series

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Tandospirone, a 5-HT1A partial agonist is effective in treating anorexia nervosa: a case series

This case report details the therapeutic effects of tandospirone on two patients with anorexia nervosa, one with the restricting subtype (ANR), and another with the binge-eating/purging subtype (ANBP). A 22-year-old female patient with ANR and a 23-year-old female patient with ANBP were treated successfully with the 5-HT1A partial agonist tandospirone. After treatment, not only did both patients gain weight, they also showed improved scores on the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire. In addition, a 6-month follow-up showed maintenance of these effects. In this disorder, tandospirone may be an effective drug for long-term use with good patient compliance. (Source: Annals of General Psychiatry)

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Can You Love Your Body Without Really Loving Your Body?

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Eating Disorders Online

Can You Love Your Body Without Really Loving Your Body?

Lose the Diet.

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Tandospirone, a 5-HT1A partial agonist is effective in treating anorexia nervosa: a case series

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Tandospirone, a 5-HT1A partial agonist is effective in treating anorexia nervosa:
a case series

This case report details the therapeutic effects of tandospirone on two patients
with anorexia nervosa, one with the restricting subtype (ANR), and another with
the binge-eating/purging subtype (ANBP). A 22-year-old female patient with ANR
and a 23-year-old female patient with ANBP were treated successfully with the
5-HT1A partial agonist tandospirone. After treatment, not only did both patients
gain weight, they also showed improved scores on the Eating Disorder Examination
Questionnaire. In addition, a 6-month follow-up showed maintenance of these
effects. In this disorder, tandospirone may be an effective drug for long-term
use with good patient compliance. (Source: Annals of General Psychiatry)

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Interpersonal psychotherapy for eating disorders.

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Interpersonal psychotherapy for eating disorders.

This article begins with a consideration of the rationale for using IPT to treat patients with eating disorders. This is followed by a review of the evidence supporting its use and a brief description of treatment including an illustrative clinical case vignette. The article closes with a discussion of possible future directions for research on IPT for eating disorders.
PMID: 22362599 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy)

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Online Cognitive-Behavioural Treatment of Bulimic Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Online Cognitive-Behavioural Treatment of Bulimic Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Conclusion This study identifies online CBT as a viable alternative in the treatment of bulimic symptoms. Key Practitioner Message In comparison with no treatment and unsupported bibliotherapy, online CBT induces strong reductions in bulimic symptoms. Internet-delivered treatment may provide an acceptable treatment alternative for bulimic patients who are reticent about face-to-face contact. Therapist support appears to be a critical determinant of treatment adherence and effectiveness. Unsupported bibliotherapy may have only small immediate effects but may increase the probability of recovery in the long term by promoting positive attitudes towards treatment.
PMID: 22298417 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy)

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Recognising the Symptoms: How Common Are Eating Disorders in Pregnancy?

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Recognising the Symptoms: How Common Are Eating Disorders in Pregnancy?

ConclusionsEating disorders are more common than previously thought in pregnancy. There is a clinical need for increased understanding of eating disorder symptomatology during pregnancy and for appropriate screening tools to be incorporated into antenatal care. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. (Source: European Eating Disorders Review)

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What Role Does Mood Play In The Development Of Unhealthy Eating?

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

What Role Does Mood Play In The Development Of Unhealthy Eating?

Unhealthy eating behaviors may worsen the moods of women who are worried about their diet and self image, researchers from Pennsylvania State University revealed. Kristin Heron, research associate at the Survey Research Center, and team found that college-age females who are concerned about their eating behaviors tend to have moods that get worse after episodes of disordered eating. Disordered eating refers to unhealthy and extreme weight control behaviors and binge eating... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Personal, behavioral and socio-environmental predictors of overweight incidence in young adults: 10-yr longitudinal findings

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Personal, behavioral and socio-environmental predictors of overweight incidence in young adults: 10-yr longitudinal findings

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that obesity prevention interventions for adolescents should address weight-specific factors from within the domains of personal, behavioral, and socio-environmental factors such as promoting positive body image, decreasing unhealthy weight control behaviors, and limiting negative weight talk. (Source: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity)

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Why We Sabotage Ourselves

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Why We Sabotage Ourselves

One step forward, two steps back. What is at the root of our tendency to undermine our happiness and health?read more (Source: Psychology Today Food and Diet Center)

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Managing abnormal eating behaviours in frontotemporal lobar degeneration patients with topiramate

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Managing abnormal eating behaviours in frontotemporal lobar degeneration patients with topiramate

We present three Japanese frontotemporal lobar degeneration patients with abnormal eating behaviours. Topiramate was effective, especially for compulsive eating, in cases with distinct lobar atrophy, but not for all abnormal eating behaviours. (Source: Psychogeriatrics)

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A Day in the Life of a Binge Eater

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

A Day in the Life of a Binge Eater

A fictional account of the day-to-day experience of someone suffering from binge eating disorder. (Source: About.com Eating Disorders)

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Weight suppression in bulimia nervosa: Relationship with cognitive behavioral therapy outcome

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Weight suppression in bulimia nervosa: Relationship with cognitive behavioral therapy outcome

This study, along with other negative studies, calls into question the association between weight suppression and treatment outcome. We maintain that moderators may account for inconsistencies, but no candidates were identified in this study. Moderator models could assist us to refine conceptualizations of why some patients high in weight suppression may be vulnerable to poor treatment adherence and outcome and to establish clinical interventions that enhance prognosis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2013) (Source: International Journal of Eating Disorders)

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Binge eating curbed by deep brain stimulation in animal model, Penn study shows

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MedWorm: Binge Eating Disorder

Binge eating curbed by deep brain stimulation in animal model, Penn study shows

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) Deep brain stimulation (DBS) in a precise region of the brain appears to reduce caloric intake and prompt weight loss in obese animal models, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania. The study, reported in the Journal of Neuroscience, reinforces the involvement of dopamine deficits in increasing obesity-related behaviors such as binge eating, and demonstrates that DBS can reverse this response via activation of the dopamine type-2 receptor. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Compound In Mediterranean Diet Makes Cancer Cells 'Mortal'

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Nutrition / Diet News From Medical News Today

Compound In Mediterranean Diet Makes Cancer Cells 'Mortal'

New research suggests that a compound abundant in the Mediterranean diet takes away cancer cells' "superpower" to escape death. By altering a very specific step in gene regulation, this compound essentially re-educates cancer cells into normal cells that die as scheduled...

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